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Monday, April 28, 2014
Treatment Guidelines
The treatment guidelines for the metabolic syndrome recommended by NCEP ATP III focus on three interventions including weight control, physical activity, and treatment of the associated cardiovascular disease risk factors. The IDF Guidelines for primary intervention include a) moderate restriction in energy intake to achieve a 5%-10% weight loss within one year; b) moderate increases in physical activity consistent with the consensus public health recommendations of 30 min of moderate intensity, physical activity on most days of the week; and c) change in dietary intake composition that may require changes in macronutrient composition consistent with modifying specified cardiovascular risk factors.
Wednesday, April 23, 2014
FITT Guidelines for Metabolic Syndrome / Special Considerations
The presence of multiple CVD risk factors needs to be taken into consideration when designing workouts for metabolic syndrome patients. These risk factors may affect the patient's ability to perform at a certain level during exercise or even the mode of exercise that should be performed. It is very important to meet with a licensed professional in order to get a baseline of where to start an individual with metabolic syndrome.
F- Frequency: Some sort of exercise everyday is recommended for anyone trying to maintain a healthy lifestyle. For someone with metabolic syndrome who has not been exercising consistently should work up to that, starting at 3-4 days a week.
I- Intensity: The intensity of the workout should be done in the 40- 60% range (moderate intensity) based on their VO2 max or HR. Once an individual has been exercising for a consistent time frame the intensity can be slowly increased up to above 60%.
T- Time: It is recommended by ACSM that 150 min of exercise per week is the minimum that should be performed to promote health and wellness. An individual with metabolic syndrome who is looking to decrease CVD risk factors should exercise for 300 min/wk, or around 50 to 60 min 5 days out of the week.
T- Type/Mode: Both a balance of aerobic training and resistance training should be incorporated into any individual's exercise program. It is essential for an individual with metabolic syndrome to focus on aerobic aspects of the workout in order to promote the reduction of CVD risk factors.
F- Frequency: Some sort of exercise everyday is recommended for anyone trying to maintain a healthy lifestyle. For someone with metabolic syndrome who has not been exercising consistently should work up to that, starting at 3-4 days a week.
I- Intensity: The intensity of the workout should be done in the 40- 60% range (moderate intensity) based on their VO2 max or HR. Once an individual has been exercising for a consistent time frame the intensity can be slowly increased up to above 60%.
T- Time: It is recommended by ACSM that 150 min of exercise per week is the minimum that should be performed to promote health and wellness. An individual with metabolic syndrome who is looking to decrease CVD risk factors should exercise for 300 min/wk, or around 50 to 60 min 5 days out of the week.
T- Type/Mode: Both a balance of aerobic training and resistance training should be incorporated into any individual's exercise program. It is essential for an individual with metabolic syndrome to focus on aerobic aspects of the workout in order to promote the reduction of CVD risk factors.
Pre-Testing & Pre-Screening
Individuals with metabolic syndrome are considered a special population because of all the medical risks they possess. These conditions technically should not limit them in what workout or FITT process they use in their workouts but because of all the risk factors they need to have specific pre-testing and screening to ensure they can workout at a safe level.
The ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing states that an individual with any of the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome would be put under the category of Moderate Risk. Being under moderate risk would mean that individual needs to have a medical examination, and exercise testing for both moderate and vigorous exercise workouts. These pre-tests will allow an individual with metabolic syndrome to acknowledge any special adjustments that need to be made to there workout in order for them to remain safe.
The ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing states that an individual with any of the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome would be put under the category of Moderate Risk. Being under moderate risk would mean that individual needs to have a medical examination, and exercise testing for both moderate and vigorous exercise workouts. These pre-tests will allow an individual with metabolic syndrome to acknowledge any special adjustments that need to be made to there workout in order for them to remain safe.
What is the Metabolic Syndrome?
The metabolic syndrome is characterized by a constellation of risk factors that are associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and stroke. The risk factors associated with this syndrome act synergistically to increase one's likelihood of cardiovascular disease. A consensus on the definition of the metabolic syndrome has been somewhat controversial; however, the criteria set by the NCEP ATP III Guidelines are most commonly used for diagnosis. Diagnosis is made when at least three of the risk factors shown below are present:
NCEP ATP III Criteria:
Body Weight
Body Weight
- Men: Waist circumference of >102 cm (>40 in)
- Women: Waist Circumference of >88 cm (>35 in)
- ≥110 mg/dL
- HDL
- Men: <40 mg/dL
- Women: <50 mg/dL
- Triglycerides
- ≥150 mg/dL
- ≥130 or ≥85 mm Hg
Typically, individuals with the metabolic syndrome are overweight/obese and have elevated plasma triglycerides, hypertension, and elevated plasma glucose. At this time, it is undetermined whether the metabolic syndrome represents a distinct pathophysiologic condition or disease. Nonetheless, the metabolic syndrome as a clinical entity is useful in clinical and health/fitness settings.
Information retrieved from ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription (9th ed). For more information from ACSM, visit http://www.acsm.org.metabolicsyndrome.
Information retrieved from ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription (9th ed). For more information from ACSM, visit http://www.acsm.org.metabolicsyndrome.
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